Adding a firewall rule in Windows PowerShell looks a lot like it did in Netsh, but the parameters and values are specified differently. Here is an example of how to allow the Telnet application to listen on the network.
This firewall rule is scoped to the local subnet by using a keyword instead of an IP address. Just like in Netsh, the rule is created on the local device, and it becomes effective immediately. The following scriptlet shows how to add a basic firewall rule that blocks outbound traffic from a specific application and local port to a Group Policy Object GPO in Active Directory.
The commands you enter are run against the contents of the GPO, and this remains in effect until the Netsh session is ended or until another set store command is executed. Here, domain.
Quotation marks are required if there are any spaces in the GPO name. To reduce the burden on busy domain controllers, Windows PowerShell allows you to load a GPO to your local session, make all your changes in that session, and then save it back at all once.
Note that this does not batch your individual changes, it loads and saves the entire GPO at once. So if any other changes are made by other administrators, or in a different Windows PowerShell window, saving the GPO overwrites those changes. When a rule is created, Netsh and Windows PowerShell allow you to change rule properties and influence, but the rule maintains its unique identifier in Windows PowerShell this is specified with the -Name parameter.
For example, you could have a rule Allow Web 80 that enables TCP port 80 for inbound unsolicited traffic. You can change the rule to match a different remote IP address of a Web server whose traffic will be allowed by specifying the human-readable, localized name of the rule.
Netsh requires you to provide the name of the rule for it to be changed and we do not have an alternate way of getting the firewall rule. In Windows PowerShell, you can query for the rule using its known properties. When you run Get-NetFirewallRule , you may notice that common conditions like addresses and ports do not appear. These conditions are represented in separate objects called Filters.
If you want to query for firewall rules based on these fields ports, addresses, security, interfaces, services , you will need to get the filter objects themselves. You can change the remote endpoint of the Allow Web 80 rule as done previously using filter objects. Using Windows PowerShell you query by port using the port filter, then assuming additional rules exist affecting the local port, you build with further queries until your desired rule is retrieved. You can also query for rules using the wildcard character.
The following example returns an array of firewall rules associated with a particular program. The elements of the array can be modified in subsequent Set-NetFirewallRule cmdlets. Multiple rules in a group can be simultaneously modified when the associated group name is specified in a Set command.
You can add firewall rules to specified management groups in order to manage multiple rules that share the same influences. In the following example, we add both inbound and outbound Telnet firewall rules to the group Telnet Management.
In Windows PowerShell, group membership is specified when the rules are first created so we re-create the previous example rules. Adding rules to a custom rule group is not possible in Netsh.
If the group is not specified at rule creation time, the rule can be added to the rule group using dot notation in Windows PowerShell. You cannot specify the group using Set-NetFirewallRule since the command allows querying by rule group. Using the Set command, if the rule group name is specified, the group membership is not modified but rather all rules of the group receive the same modifications indicated by the given parameters.
The following scriptlet enables all rules in a predefined group containing remote management influencing firewall rules. There is also a separate Enable-NetFirewallRule cmdlet for enabling rules by group or by other properties of the rule. Rule objects can be disabled so that they are no longer active.
In Windows PowerShell, the Disable-NetFirewallRule cmdlet will leave the rule on the system, but put it in a disabled state so the rule no longer is applied and impacts traffic. A disabled firewall rule can be re-enabled by Enable-NetFirewallRule. This is different from the Remove-NetFirewallRule , which permanently removes the rule definition from the device.
Like with other cmdlets, you can also query for rules to be removed. Here, all blocking firewall rules are deleted from the device. Note that it may be safer to query the rules with the Get command and save it in a variable, observe the rules to be affected, then pipe them to the Remove command, just as we did for the Set commands.
The following example shows how you can view all the blocking firewall rules, and then delete the first four rules. Remote management using WinRM is enabled by default. The following example returns all firewall rules of the persistent store on a device named RemoteDevice. We can perform any modifications or view rules on remote devices by simply using the —CimSession parameter. Here we remove a specific firewall rule from a remote device.
IPsec supports network-level peer authentication, data origin authentication, data integrity, data confidentiality encryption , and replay protection. However, because Windows PowerShell is object-based rather than string token-based, configuration in Windows PowerShell offers greater control and flexibility.
In Netsh, the authentication and cryptographic sets were specified as a list of comma-separated tokens in a specific format. In Windows PowerShell, rather than using default settings, you first create your desired authentication or cryptographic proposal objects and bundle them into lists in your preferred order.
Then, you create one or more IPsec rules that reference these sets. The benefit of this model is that programmatic access to the information in the rules is much easier. See the following sections for clarifying examples.
An IPsec rule is simple to create; all that is required is the display name, and the remaining properties use default values. By default rule merging is enabled.
You can force that a local administrator can create their own firewall rules: select Yes default in the Apply local firewall rules option. Of course, you should create separate policies to manage Windows Firewall rules for servers and workstations you may have to create separate policies for each group of similar servers depending on their role. It means that firewall rules for the domain controller, an Exchange mail server and an SQL server will differ.
The process is quite painstaking and complicated at the first glance. However, you can finally get a working Windows Firewall configuration that allows only approved network connections and blocks other ones.
Thanks, following your step by step process restored my firewall defender. I would not, or I should say, will not set the default of blocking inbound connections and allowing out. In a domain, computers are supposed to be in trusted zones and firewall issues are common problems everpresent in TechNet back before it was replaced for the worse. Even more important than inbound rules is not the allow anything out, in fact, not allow anything out; this is how malware receives its payload after infiltrating-in, and how telemetry both third and first party is sent back, and how Windows Update is allowed to break systems, remove features and reset settings.
Notify me of followup comments via e-mail. You can also subscribe without commenting. Leave this field empty. Home About. Before applying the firewall policy to OU with productive computers, it is strongly recommend to try it out on some test computers.
Service short names are retrieved by running the Get-Service command from PowerShell. Interface types Specify the interface types to which the rule belongs. If you don't select an option, the rule applies to all interface types:. Specify a list of authorized local users for this rule.
A list of authorized users can't be specified if Service name in this policy is set as a Windows service. If no authorized user is specified, the default is all users. Endpoint security policy for firewalls.
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